Composition: Beneficial microbes including Thiobacillus spp., Nitrosomonas spp., Nitrobacter spp., Bacillus spp., and Pseudomonas in an inert carrier.

Ammonia in Aquaculture: Ammonia, a free nitrogenous compound, commonly appears in aquaculture ponds due to inadequate breakdown of proteins, nitrogenous materials from feeds, dead algae, and fish excreta settling at the pond bottom. Ammonia becomes toxic to fish/shrimp above 1 PPM. Increased levels lead to severe toxicity, potentially causing comatose conditions and death if not removed from the water. Toxicity peaks during late afternoon and early evening. The main sources are excretion from fish/shrimp and protein in their feed. Diffusion from sediment is another significant source. Lower oxygen levels at the pond bottom foster putrefaction, contributing to ammonia formation. Insufficient microbial populations capable of degrading ammonia exacerbate accumulation at the pond bottom. Regular application of NitroCurb to aquaculture ponds prevents ammonia formation and enhances phytoplankton growth. Beneficial microbes in NitroCurb release bound phosphorus and other minerals, boosting phytoplankton levels.

Ammonia Toxicity Threshold: Generally, 0.53 – 22.8 PPM is considered toxic, with issues arising above 0.1 PPM. Higher levels can cause skin, eye, gill, and internal organ damage.

Effects of Ammonia on Fish/Shrimp:

• Fish/shrimp from ponds with excess ammonia exhibit poor flavor.
• Increased susceptibility to disease, stress, and mortality rates.
• Decreased oxygen levels in the pond.

Benefits of NitroCurb:

• Ammonia-binding molecules in NitroCurb efficiently bind ammonia and toxic gases, promoting growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut and pond.
• Enzymes like Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas (Ammonia monooxygenases) convert ammonia into nitrates, which serve as nutrients for plankton.
• The combined effect of binders and microorganisms in NitroCurb rapidly reduces ammonia levels in the pond, alleviating fish/shrimp from ammonia toxicity.

Dosage:

• Preventive: 200-500 grams per acre per meter depth monthly or as advised by the aquaculture consultant.
• During Plankton Crash: 2 kilograms per acre per meter depth.

Application: Mix the required NitroCurb dosage with 100-200 kilograms of sand and uniformly broadcast over the pond in the morning.

Availability: 1 kg and 5 kg pouches. Bulk packings available on request.